Why Does Weed Make You Hungry?

Synopsis:

Why Does Weed Make You Hungry? A Scientific Look at the Munchies

Cannabis, particularly strains rich in THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), is well-known for inducing "the munchies," a strong increase in appetite following consumption. This phenomenon is rooted in how THC interacts with the brain's endocannabinoid system, which is instrumental in regulating hunger, among other bodily functions.

Endocannabinoid System Activation: THC binds to cannabinoid receptors in the brain, such as the CB1 receptor, which is heavily involved in the modulation of appetite. When THC activates these receptors, it can significantly alter normal appetite signals.

Ghrelin Increase: THC consumption can increase levels of ghrelin, a hormone associated with hunger and the initiation of eating behaviors. Higher ghrelin levels directly contribute to the feeling of hunger.

Heightened Sensory Perception: THC has the ability to enhance the senses, particularly smell and taste. This makes food more appealing and can lead to increased consumption, as flavors and aromas are perceived as more intense.

Pleasure and Reward: THC also affects the brain's dopamine levels, the neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This can make the act of eating while under the influence of cannabis particularly satisfying and pleasurable, further enhancing the desire to eat.

Psychological Effects: For some, the use of cannabis reduces anxiety and inhibitions, which can include usual dietary restraints. This relaxation of one’s typical self-control can lead to increased eating.

Impact on Energy Homeostasis: Cannabis can influence neurons that normally suppress appetite. When THC is present, these neurons not only stop suppressing hunger but may actually start promoting it, reversing their usual role.

Understanding these mechanisms helps explain why cannabis is sometimes used therapeutically to help increase appetite in conditions like cancer, HIV/AIDS, or other medical conditions where appetite loss is a concern.

Written by Lester Black | Reviewed by Sophie Vergnaud, MD
Updated on August 1, 2024